Indian Railways' Path to Sustainability

Indian Railways is embarking on a transformative journey towards achieving a net-zero carbon footprint by 2030. This ambitious plan involves a diversified energy strategy that includes nuclear, solar, hydropower, wind, and thermal sources. The initiative aims to meet the national transporter's 10-gigawatt traction requirement, ensuring a sustainable future for one of the world's largest railway networks.

Electrification and Renewable Energy Goals

By 2025-26, approximately 95% of trains are expected to operate on electricity, significantly reducing the railways' direct carbon emissions to 1.37 million tonnes annually. This reduction is projected to remain constant until 2030. Indian Railways plans to acquire 3 GW of renewable energy, including hydropower, alongside 3 GW from thermal and nuclear sources. The remaining 4 GW traction requirement will be fulfilled through arrangements with power distribution companies.

Strategic Energy Sources

Efforts are underway to earmark around 2 GW of nuclear power for Railways, with another 2 GW thermal power to be sourced from new joint ventures and power purchase agreements. Additionally, arrangements for 500 megawatt round-the-clock renewable energy are being developed, and hydropower projects with 1.5 GW capacity are under planning consideration for railway power supply.

Financial and Environmental Benefits

The transition to electric traction not only offers environmental advantages but also financial benefits. The railways' expenditure on diesel fuel is projected to decrease significantly, marking the lowest diesel-related spending in over ten years. Furthermore, steps are being taken to incorporate carbon-negative practices through energy efficiency at railway production units and green railway stations.

With nearly 95% of trains running on electricity from 2025-26 onwards, the direct carbon emissions of the railways will come down to 1.37 million tonnes per year and will remain the same till 2030. Afforestation measures could effectively offset these emissions, showcasing Indian Railways' commitment to a greener planet.